Panchvivshati Tatva

Panchvivshati Tatva (Sanskrit: "25 Tatvas").

Tatva

The word Tatva is used to denote the causative factors of the creation. Tatva means the cause for the universe.

Tatva Vargikarn (Classification)

Sankhya Darshan divided these Chaturvivshati (25 factors into 4 categories). They are:
1. Prakruti.
2. Vikruti.
3. Prakruti-Vikruti.
4. Na Prakruti na Vikruti.

PRAKRUTI

This is one which will be a causative factor or karan for creation of some other or Karya, but it will not have any cause or karan for its creation. There is only 1 factor:
1. Prakruti

VIKRUTI

This type of factors will be the result of some causative factors but they will not be the causative factors for the creation of any other factors. The karya forms only & are not the karana for any other karya. 16 Vikruti factors are there. They are:

PRAKRUTI-VIKRUTI

These factors are the karya of some factors and they are the kara for some other karya. There are 7 such factors:

NA PRAKRUTI NA VIKRUTI

This factor is one that is neither a karan for any karya nor the karya of any karan. There is only one factor that is neither a karan nor a karya.
1. Purusha.

The Avyakta or prakruti produced rashi purush (24 factors) and the purush (25th factor) which together known as Panchvivshati Tatva (the 25 factors).

Rajoguna and Tamoguna predominance and reduction of Satva guna (variation of Triguna) cause the vikruti and equilibrium of Triguna is prakruti. Aggrivation of Tamo and Rajo guna causes the nivrutti of Srishti or pralaya, and make vyakta to merge in avyakta.

Prakruti and Purush

In Sankhya Darshan there are 2 basic causative factors for the creation. They are as follows:

  1. Prakruti
  2. Purush

Neither Prakruti nor Purusha is able to do the creation independently. When Prakruti comes in contact with Pursha, Prakruti gets stimulated. They unite together. This union of Prakruti & Purusha is very much required for the creation. Prakruti loses its balance or stability leading to a variety of changes. This changes result in creation. The sequence of creation is as follows:

AVYAKTA

Avyakta or Prakruti, which possesses the trigunasatvas, rajas, tamas, which leads to creation of mahat which also possesses the triguna mentioned above.

Mahat leads to the creation of Ahamkar. Ahamkar also possesses triguna. Ahamkar is of 3 types:

  • Satvik or Vaikarik ahamkar.
  • Rajasik or Taijas ahamkar.
  • Tamasik or Bhutadi ahamkar.

Satvik ahamkar with the help of Rajasik ahamkar leads to formation of 11 indriya or organ. They are:

Tamas ahamkar with the help of Rajasik ahamkar leads to the formation of 5 tanmatra. They are:

The 5 Tanmatra possess the 5 Vaisheshik guna. panchamahabhuta evolve from the 5 Tanmatra.

Like this all 25 Tatva are necessary for the creation.

                          AVYAKTA or mula Prakruti + Purush
                                         |
                                       Mahat
                                         |
                                      Ahamkar
                                         |  
                      ---------------------------------------
                      |                  |                  |
                    Satvik            Rajasik            Tamasika
               Ekadasha indriya                      Pancha Tanmatra
                                                            | 
                                                     Pancha mahabhuta

All the objects of the world are produced by the combination of Pancha mahabhuta in different proportions.

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